I

  Chapter 576 573 [The people can make it, but not know it]

   "Your Majesty, Beijing has been restored, please revise "History of Ming Dynasty." Qian Qianyi asked at the court meeting.

  Zhao Han nodded and said, "Yes. Order the Historia Institute of the Hanlin Academy to compile "History of the Ming Dynasty". Qian Qianyi will be the president, and Wang Tiaoding will be the vice president."

   "The minister takes orders!" Qian Qianyi was overjoyed.

   This matter has been settled long ago, and it is very important to bring it to the court meeting.

  Although Qian Qianyi is the president, he can only work in the professional field. The one who is really in charge of the overall situation is Wang Tiaoding, the vice president. This "History of Ming Dynasty" must be compiled in accordance with Datong theory.

  As for Zhang Pu, he became seriously ill again and had to stay in bed every year, but he just couldn't die.

Zhao Han also said to Chen Wenkui, Shangshu of the Ministry of Criminal Justice: "Chen Wenkui temporarily resigned from his position as Shangshu, collected cases over the years, combined with the criminal laws of previous dynasties, and compiled a "Datong Law". There are seven parts: law, publication law, and land law. The constitution does not need to be compiled for the time being, and I will compile it myself. When it will be compiled is really uncertain.”

  This matter was not negotiated in advance, Li Banghua was puzzled and said: "Your Majesty, the etiquette law is understandable, so what is this publishing law?"

Zhao Han took out a book and threw it in front of all the officials: "This "Remains of the Ancient Ming Dynasty" is full of nonsense, and there are many pages in it that I edited. Yes. I know that there is a book called "Gushan Bizhen". The author knows how to argue, and readers would rather believe it. In that book, what does Wan Guifei look like? Publishing Law is the law that specifically manages the publishing of books. !"

  The black material about Wan Guifei originally came from Shen Xing's "Gushan Bizhen".

  However, when Yu Shenxing was writing the book, he added a special sentence: These things were said by an old eunuch, maybe the old **** was spreading rumors.

   Mao Qiling compiled "Sheng Chaotong History Supplements", which quoted Yu Shenxing's content, but deleted the questionable sentence in the original work. Mao Qiling edited "History of the Ming Dynasty: Biography of Concubines" for a while, and moved "Supplements to the History of Sheng Chaotong" intact, so the unofficial history directly became official history.

  Mao Qiling was the gangster who offended Zhao Han and was thrown as a petty official, and presided over the punishment of the Kong family in Shandong.

   "It should be so." Li Banghua quickly agreed, and he had also read "Gushan Bizhen", which became very popular during the Wanli period.

Zhao Han also said qualitatively: "The "Law of Rites" covers general etiquette, but major changes must be made! Take funerals as an example, you can organize funerals, but you are not allowed to invite opera troupes to play music, nor monks and Taoists to do things. I follow Ancient rituals, not to mention the three generations, that is, the Han and Tang Dynasties, which family would hire a theater troupe when their parents died? Also, the three-year mourning period is too long, and only one year is required for the death of parents! The marriage part in "Ritual Law" roughly follows " "Laws of the Ming Dynasty", but the commentary on the husband as the wife should be changed. Husband and wife go their own way, which is the code of ethics. If the husband is not good, the wife can ask for reconciliation and divorce. When the husband dies, the wife can remarry, and the tribe and the government must not stop it!"

   "Please remember." Chen Wenkui bowed his hands and accepted the order.

  The "Ritual Law" mentioned by Zhao Han actually includes the "Marriage Law".

  However, the ancient family was not a small family of three, but a large family. Zhao Han could only limit each household to a maximum of ten people (over twelve years old).

  This is determined by productivity. According to the productivity in ancient times, it has not yet reached the point where people are generally divided into small families.

   "Ritual Law" was very important in ancient times. Take "Da Ming Law" as an example, a large amount of content at the beginning is all about etiquette.

  Chen Wenkui asked: "Your Majesty, what instructions does the "Publishing Law" have?"

  Zhao Han said: "First, do not disregard the facts to create rumors; second, do not violate public order and good customs."

  Chen Wenkui was blinded in an instant. What he said was tantamount to not saying it. It was a completely ambiguous instruction. Even when it comes to law enforcement, it has unlimited maneuverability. If the government wants to ban a book, it must directly designate it as violating public order and good customs.

"Okay, let's not talk about this," Zhao Han said, "today's court meeting, let's talk about other things. I learned something from reading today, and the master said: 'The people can be taught, but they can't be taught.' What is the explanation for this statement?" ?”

   Zhao Han's court meeting has actually become a Jingyan meeting.

  In addition to instilling knowledge of astronomy and geography to officials and the benefits of opening the sea to the country, they also often discuss Confucian classics—competing for the right to interpret Confucian classics!

Zhang Pu dragged his sick body, and immediately replied: "Reporting to Your Majesty, Zhu Zi has made it very clear in "The Analects of Confucius" and quoted Cheng Zi's words. Confucius taught without distinction, not because he didn't let the people know the truth. But The people are really ignorant, and it is impossible for everyone to understand. Therefore, when governing the country, as long as the people know how to do it, there is no need for everyone to know why they do it. This is a helpless move.”

"No," Qian Qianyi said, "Zhu Zi's commentary said that the people can make it a matter of course, but they can't make them know why. It means that the people only need to know what to do, but they can't let the people know why. Do it. This is the way to govern the people. People’s thoughts are very different. Even if it is the same principle, when facing the same thing, different people will have different ideas. Let the people know why, and they will inevitably live in chaos. Let them not know."

  Zhang Pu retorted: "Then why did Zhu Zi still quote Cheng Zi? The shepherd explained to His Majesty in this way, is it to let His Majesty practice the art of going from place to place?"

  Cheng Zi’s comment is: If the sage does not let the people know the truth, then it belongs to the art of governing the country in the later generations, and it is not the sage’s original intention.

  Qian Qianyi explained: "The art of chasing and ignoring refers to the original intention. If it is to deceive the people, it is the art of chasing and ignoring the people. If it is for the purpose of governing the country and the people, it is not the art of chasing and ignoring the people."

   This can only be blamed on Zhu Xi. When annotating "The Analects of Confucius", he was really ambiguous, no matter how he interpreted it.

  All the courtiers insisted on their own opinions, and the scene was chaotic.

  After Chen Maosheng became the Minister of Rites, he was also tutoring homework every day, and at least the four books had been memorized by heart. He cupped his hands and said: "Your Majesty, I believe that there is a problem with the punctuation of this sentence. It can be concluded as: the people can, let them know it. If not, let them know it. "

   "Chen Shangshu is right." Xu Ying immediately expressed her support.

   Now the quarrel became even more joyful, and the two factions split into three factions.

  Pang Chunlai half-closed his eyes, and said with a smile: "Your Majesty said that he got something out of studying, but I think His Majesty has something else to say."

   All the officials were quiet, waiting for the emperor to explain.

Zhao Han said: "I was reading Zhu Zi's works today, and I came across an article "Answer to Fan Bochong". Zhu Zi said that people can only be taught by their ears. As for knowing it, they must wait for their self-awareness. If you know it, you will definitely not come to it, and what you have reached is also too much, and it is no different from what you can’t reach.”

  Zhu Xi said in the article: It is enough to let the people implement the laws and regulations. As for making them understand the truth, it depends on the people's self-consciousness and cannot be forced by the government. Knowing only how to do it, but not knowing why it is done, does not prevent the people from comprehending the truth. It would be best if the common people understood it by themselves. First let the people know how to do it, and then let the people understand why they do it. It is a process from the shallower to the deeper. Forcing the people to understand, the people may never be able to understand, even if they understand, they will be biased, which is no different from not understanding.

   "Of course!"

  Qian Qianyi and Zhang Pu said at the same time that their different understandings lead to the same goal in Zhu Xi's passage.

  Qian Qianyi said: "Don't let the people know why it is. What you want to guard against is the younger generation. If you can know why and understand the truth yourself, you will be a gentleman in this generation."

   "Nonsense," Zhang Pu scolded angrily, "If you can't understand the truth, you are a villain. How many villains are there in the world?"

  Qian Qianyi retorted: "I didn't say that it is villains who cannot understand the truth, but that we should prevent villains from understanding the truth indiscriminately, or even deliberately distorting the truth."

  Although there are still disputes, Zhu Xi's "Answer to Fan Bochong" has unified the understanding of all the ministers on "the people can let them know what they want, but they can't make them know".

  However, this is not what Zhao Han needs.

  Zhao Han said with a smile: "My understanding of this sentence is roughly the same as that of Zhu Zi, but there are some differences."

   "Your Majesty, please speak clearly." Li Banghua said.

  Zhao Han asked: "Have you heard, Zhu Qing, that if you persevere, you will never break a rotten tree?"

  Ai Julian, a foreigner, rushed to answer: "This sentence comes from "Xunzi Encouraging Learning."

Zhao Han asked again: "Have you ever read "Book of Jin" and "Yanzi"? In "Book of Jin", the rotten wood is not broken, but it is written as rotten wood. I don’t know it. The folding in "Yanzi" is written as knowledge. "Fold" and "knowledge" seem to be the same word in ancient times. "The people can use it, but they can't make it known", can it be interpreted as "the people can use it, but they can't break it"?"

  As soon as this remark came out, the whole court was shocked. This is to tamper with the Confucian classics!

  Zhao Han continued: "Does the word You mean to guide?"

  Ai Julius was dumbfounded. With such a change, this sentence becomes: The people can be guided, but they cannot be forced to submit.

  In fact, Zhao Han’s understanding is based on the Chu Bamboo Slips unearthed later.

  It was a batch of bamboo slips from the Warring States period, and there were two sentences in it: The people can teach the way, but not the wisdom. The people can be right, but not forceful.

  The people can lead, not force!

   "Haha, I'm also whimsical, you may have a taste or two." Zhao Han didn't force the ministers to understand, otherwise it would violate the spirit of this sentence.

  Since the emperor said this, people will naturally study it, and it will become a way of understanding in the future.

Zhao Han also said: "I ordered the migration of the clans, and many local officials blindly act recklessly. Recklessness is nothing more than that. After all, they are carrying out the emperor's orders. It is wrong to discredit the emperor and the court, and it will definitely be dealt with. In addition, in the future, whether the people can understand or not, the truth must be explained clearly to the people.”

   "Ministers, please remember!" All the ministers bowed and bowed.

   Zhao Han has two more things to do here, one is to edit "History of Ming Dynasty", and the other is to edit "Law of Great Harmony".

  As for Li Zicheng and the Manchus, they are already on the verge of exploding.

  (end of this chapter)