Into Unscientific

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In the meeting room.

Looking at Hou Xingyuan with a subtle expression on his face.

On the faces of Xu Yun and the others, an expression of sudden realization finally appeared.

I see

No wonder the whole project has an inexplicable sense of urgency from beginning to end.

Co-authoring means that there are several waves of attacks from the outside world.

after awhile.

Xu Yun suddenly thought of something, and couldn't help showing a hint of curiosity on his face, and asked Hou Xingyuan:

"Dean Hou, CERN and Kamioka Laboratory are easy to talk about, why is it related to NIF?"

"If I remember correctly, they don't deal with elementary particles, do they?"

I heard this.

Lu Chaoyang and the others also nodded slightly.

This is also their concern.

The CERN that Hou Xingyuan mentioned refers to the European Organization for Nuclear Research, which is the largest particle physics laboratory in the world.

The discovery of W and Z bosons is a classic achievement of CERN.

In addition, it is also the birthplace of the world's first website, the first web server, the first browser, and the first sex live broadcast platform.

As for the right-handed neutrinos, it involves the chiral characteristics of neutrinos.

Although today's neutrinos have been excluded from the standard cold dark matter, they have been classified into hot dark matter.

But just like the previous example.

Although the orangutan is not an ape, it is indeed the closest creature to the concept of an ape.

Therefore, many people now hold such a guess:

Ordinary neutrinos may be hot dark matter, so as its chiral particles, could right-handed neutrinos be cold dark matter?

It’s just that the research on right-handed neutrinos or inert neutrinos has been fruitless, so this thing is an idealized model after all.

Based on the relevant accumulation of CERN, it is not surprising that there has been a breakthrough.

Not to mention the Kamioka Laboratory.

The neon people have been crazy about dark matter over the years, and they are still born between cold dark matter and hot dark matter, and come up with the definition of warm dark matter.

That is to say, the moving speed is enough to produce the relativistic effect, but it is still far away from the speed of light in vacuum. In the standard model, it only participates in the gravitational interaction particles.

The abbreviation of this thing is WDM, the cold dark matter is called CDM, and the hot dark matter is called HDM.

Although the Kamiokande Laboratory is not a scientific research geometry that belongs to a continent like CERN, its early results are there, and it is reasonable to make some breakthroughs.

only

Whether it is CERN or Kamioka Laboratory.

They study microscopic particles.

But what NIF is doing is a nuclear fusion device. What is the purpose of mixing it in at this time?

Looking at the curious Xu Yun, Hou Xingyuan hesitated for a moment, then said:

"Xiao Xu, in fact, we didn't want to. The key is that there are too many readers asking questions in the group. Cough cough, all in all, your thinking is still too limited."

Xu Yun was slightly taken aback:

"Limited?"

Hou Xingyuan nodded, instead of rushing to explain, he asked instead:

"Xiao Xu, let me ask you first, what do you think about NIF?"

Xu Yun touched his chin, and four words came out of his mouth:

"Word games."

"Word games?"

A smile flashed across Hou Xingyuan's eyes, and he couldn't help pointing at him with his fingers:

"You really dare to say this word, aren't you afraid that if it spreads out, you won't be able to lose?"

Xu Yun shook his head seriously when he heard the words, and said calmly:

"If the NIF thing can really come true, it means that that direction is feasible."

"Strictly speaking, magnetic confinement and inertial confinement are two different things, but this will only strengthen our determination to cross the river by feeling the stones. What is there to lose?"

"But the problem is. This news is really too wordy."

When saying this.

Xu Yun's tone did not mean to be joking at all.

Because he really thought so in his heart.

undeniable.

We are lagging behind or even in a disadvantageous state in many fields with the opposite side of the sea, but this does not mean that all the news on the opposite side of the sea can be blown to the sky.

When he first arrived in Rongcheng yesterday, he saw some reports related to NIF from the Internet.

It's just not as deep as Hou Xingyuan's understanding.

Actually.

Since 2010.

There will be some news from NIF almost every few years, and it is far from the first time to engage in word games.

Notice.

It's a play on words, not that NIF is cheating.

For example, as early as 2013, NIF once reported that Q was greater than 1, and the light energy absorbed by the fuel ball was used at that time.

"Science" deliberately refuted this rumor at the beginning, the website science.org/content/article/fusion-breakthrough-nif-uh-not-really, add a 3W in front to see it directly,

This year is indeed a little different from 2013, but it is still a word game.

Where is this text point?

First look at its content:

[NIF's laser fusion equipment used 2.1 megajoules of laser energy to trigger a fusion reaction that released 2.5 megajoules of energy on December 5, 2022 local time, and the Q index reached 1.2]

Then there are a bunch of people tearing it up.

Supporters say this is the first step for mankind, an epoch-making breakthrough.

Opponents say that Q1.2 is useless, it needs to reach 20 to be commercially available, and there are still 50 years before commercial use, etc.

But unfortunately, the above pros and cons are actually wrong.

Because NIF played a word game on the definition of power gain.

Actually.

This 1.2 times refers to the ratio of the energy of neutrons produced by fusion divided by the energy of input laser, not the ratio of output electric energy to input electric energy.

This is not intentionally chewing on words or making excuses, but because there is actually an unspoken rule in which the fusion industry has always exaggerated achievements:

Defining the energy gain in this way can show that the energy gain is larger, and it is much larger-including domestic is also doing the same.

The conversion efficiency from neutrons to electrical energy can be very high, but the conversion efficiency from electrical energy to laser at the input end is actually very low.

And according to its physical principle, this energy conversion efficiency will always be very low.

Normally.

A laser with 10% efficiency can be regarded as Zenith Star technology.

Here's another numerical example:

The difference between these two definitions makes the energy gain differ by as much as 125 times.

If counting from electrical energy instead of laser energy, the energy gain achieved by NIF is only 0.008.

undeniable.

There must be progress, but there is no need to complain about others cheating, or diss domestic only for obsession - last year we also produced carbon dioxide synthetic starch.

What's more, inertial restraint is more for weapons and nuclear tests, and it is unlikely to be used for nuclear fusion power generation.

That is to say, there is almost no so-called saying that Q greater than 20 can be used commercially-the tokamak and stellarator are directly oriented to nuclear fusion power generation.

If one day the magnetic confinement device can achieve long-term energy output greater than the input, and the energy can be collected, that will be big news.

Compared with NIF, we should pay more attention to the JT-60SA of Neon.

alright.

Eyes return to reality.

Looking at Xu Yun with a calm face, Hou Xingyuan couldn't help but also smiled.

Then he thought about it and explained:

"Xiao Xu, what you said is very correct, but do you know why I said your thinking is still too limited?"

Xu Yun shook his head.

Seeing this, Hou Xingyuan turned his head to look at Academician Pan. Academician Pan blinked knowingly, and said to Xu Yun:

"Xiao Xu, you can't just look at this matter from the perspective of scientific research, you can also think about it from other angles."

"For example, do you remember what happened on the other side of the sea before and after NIF published the article in 2013? ——You are a biology student, so you should have an impression of that incident, right?"

"13 years?"

Xu Yun was startled again, but this time he quickly reacted:

"You're talking about funding."

Academician Pan smiled and nodded.

Xu Yun thought carefully for a few seconds before he understood what Academician Pan meant.

I see

In 2013.

The main reason why NIF dared to publish the article at the risk of being slapped in the face by the "science" official was because at the beginning of October 2013, there was a quarrel between the federal government and the parliament across the sea due to the debt problem and the annual budget.

In the end, most of the agencies of the US federal government were closed, and the funding of various scientific research institutions in the US was severely cut.

For example, the funding of NIH, which is the National Institutes of Health across the sea, has been greatly reduced.

At that time, this incident triggered many biological scientists to protest on Capitol Hill, so Academician Pan said that Xu Yun should have an impression.

And if you push forward the time of this year a little, you will find that.

On December 8, Across the Sea began to discuss the annual budget for scientific research funding in 2023.

In addition, in 2015 and 2017, almost all "huge breakthroughs" were made at similar nodes.

This is why it is clearly the Q of 1.008, but insists on saying it is 1.2. If it is really a breakthrough in scientific research concepts, 1.008 will be more topical.

Plus it was just a week ago.

The rabbits have just signed a 34-item cooperation agreement with the camels, and the person who came forward is still a big man who is too big to be bigger.

Although the result is not as exaggerated as the online settlement of oil with Huaxia currency, it is still a big business of more than 30 billion US dollars.

This is a matter of energy.

Think here.

Xu Yun couldn't help but rubbed his temples.

No wonder Hou Xingyuan said that his thinking is too limited.

I can only say the funniest sentence in the new century, that scientific research has nothing to do with politics.

after awhile.

After Xu Yun and others had almost digested the situation, Hou Xingyuan took a sip of his teacup again, and continued:

"Okay, the topic of NIF will end here first, and everyone knows the general situation and it's almost the same."

"Now let's take our attention back and talk about the release of the Lone Point Particle Report."

I heard this.

Academician Pan and the others immediately straightened their expressions.

Then Academician Pan and Zhao Zhengguo looked at each other, and Academician Pan asked:

"Dean, what will the academy plan to do next?"

Hou Xingyuan tapped his index finger on the table a few times, then remained silent for a few seconds, and said after deliberation:

"To tell you the truth, before coming to Jinping, the Academy of Sciences actually made two preparations."

"One is that the lone particle is thermal dark matter or baryon dark matter, then we should be relatively stable and focus on conservation."

"That is, we can hedge the heat with Kamioka and CERN, and keep the results of our public opinion war."

"But now that the solitary point particle is the standard cold dark matter, our plan is completely different."

Xu Yun and the others didn't express anything when they heard this, but they all nodded in their hearts.

Mentioned earlier.

The definitions of cold, warm and hot dark matter are the models defined under the frame of non-baryon dark matter.

Since there is non-baryon dark matter, then naturally there is also baryon dark matter.

Baryonic dark matter participates in electromagnetic interaction, so it is generally considered to be the real "matter" on the macroscopic scale.

For example, very thin interstellar molecular clouds, nearby interstellar planets and brown dwarfs lacking light sources, distant massive dense objects in the halo family, etc.

That is, it is classified by value.

The baryonic dark matter is the lowest, even lower than the thermal dark matter, and it belongs to the things that are too far away to be discovered.

Therefore, if the lone particle belongs to such a property, then it is obvious that stability should be the main factor.

After all, the previous public opinion incident was already a big victory, and many victories have not been fully digested so far, so there is no need to do it again.

But now that the solitary particle is determined to be the standard cold dark matter, then everything is another matter.

Said here.

Academician Pan couldn't sit still anymore, swallowed, and couldn't help asking Hou Xingyuan:

"Dean Hou, since that's the case, when are we going to hold a press conference? Or...?"

Unexpectedly, Hou Xingyuan waved his hand at him, and shook his head lightly:

"Xiao Pan, don't worry, I don't know if you have heard a word."

"What words?"

"I'll let you run thirty-nine meters first. If you miss it, I'll lose."