Mediterranean Hegemony Road

When Ferdinand and his party returned to Sofia from London, the time had reached the beginning of 1904.

Ferdinand was pleased that the Bulgarian government had been operating in an orderly manner without leaving any troubles after leaving the country for more than half a year.

His Prime Minister Constantine sent a summary form, saying, "Your Majesty, this is what Bulgaria has achieved in the past year!"

Bifidinan naturally took the report, looked it up, and soon he showed a satisfied smile.

In 1903, it was definitely a leapfrog development for Bulgaria. The equipment imported from abroad has been installed and started to be used.

In terms of the total industrial volume, compared to 1899, it has increased by 87% in four years!

Except for some factories left by the Ottomans, which have resumed operation, many domestic industries have made great progress.

Now many workers who have been on the construction site due to the economic crisis have begun to return to the factory.

Bulgaria once again embarked on the highway of economic development and began to run forward.

Of course, these industrial equipments have only exploded some of their production capacity. If they want to fully realize their production potential, they must wait at least until the end of 1905. By then, Bulgaria's industrial capacity will reach a new height!

For example, the steel industry: In 1903, Bulgaria's total steel output reached 546,000 tons, of which steel output: 234,000 tons; iron output: 303,000 tons; there are also 9,000 tons of special steel!

The most important thing is that the Bulgarian steel mill has finally started to make a profit. Although there are only a few hundred thousand levs and there is no calculation of equipment depreciation and amortization, this is also a huge improvement!

This shows that the steel plant has begun to enter a virtuous circle, which means that the government finances no longer need to continue to invest money into this beast of gold swallowing!

Yancoal: Bulgaria ’s total coal production is 1.266 million tons, of which coking coal production is 151,000 tons, wood coal production is 569,000 tons, and lignite production is 546,000 tons.

(2) Shipbuilding industry: The two 20,000-tonne docks and three 30,000-tonne docks previously planned by Ferdinand have all been completed and put into operation.

Uh ...

Education: Literacy education is still a long way to go. According to the estimation of the Ministry of Education, being able to reduce the illiteracy rate by half in the next five years is a great victory; to completely eliminate illiteracy, twenty years is a reasonable number!

Alas, this is equivalent to waiting for the next generation to grow up, but Ferdinand can do nothing about it.

After all, the current Bulgaria is not the same as before. Basically, there were always a few readers in every village in Bulgaria. It is not too difficult to carry out literacy education!

What now? Many immigrant villages are all illiterate. Literacy education can only be delivered by the Ministry of Education to teach in the past. Of course, the speed is not fast.

And many villagers are also very interested in reading and literacy. The speed of learning can only be described by the speed of turtles! Ferdinand is powerless for this group of people and can only give up selectively. Fortunately, illiteracy does not affect farming!

Not only that, the Ministry of Education also found that the level of mathematics of Bulgarians has dropped extremely, and the new population has been pulled down!

While literacy education, teachers have to teach them simple digital knowledge!

In contrast, the progress of basic education is very smooth. Many people do not have high requirements to learn cultural knowledge by themselves, but the standards for the next generation are different!

Even in elementary schools in many parts of Bulgaria, they are just now spreading throughout the town. Everyone is still willing to take dozens of miles to send the children over to read!

Of course, this is also related to the low tuition fees. Basic education now relies mainly on financial allocations, and tuition fees are a symbolic collection point.

The living expenses of the students can be paid for food or money, anyway, the school is not for profit, and the expenses are completely within the range of ordinary families!

As for higher education, if you can afford the test, you can apply for free education.

You don't need to pay such a penny, as long as you obey the majors assigned in the country and then deduct this part of your salary from your salary in batches after graduation.

Don't wonder why Ferdinand assigned a major in middle school. Now the two Bulgarian universities have less than 3,000 enrollment each year!

Most people are not qualified to enter the university, and the course of development is of course technical colleges. So now middle school requires everyone to choose a subject specializing in research, and other subjects are minors!

Cultivating all-round talent has never been Ferdinand's goal! Training professional engineers and scientific researchers is the purpose of Bulgarian education!

If it is self-funded, the cost will be much higher. The annual expenses of a middle school student start at 3,000 levs; if the tuition of a university student is less than 50,000 levs, don't even think about it!

Don't be too expensive. Bulgaria now adopts elite education. High-quality education resources are used centrally, and the cost is certainly high.

Since it is self-funded, of course, this cost is paid in full by itself, or a major supported by the government!

If it is a liberal arts specialty other than administrative funding, that number will be even larger, from 200,000 to 500,000 levs, which is more expensive than many colleges studying abroad!

The aftermath is that so far, Bulgarian university students have exceeded five digits, but liberal arts university students outside the financial allocation have never exceeded three digits!

Financial: The total revenue of the Bulgarian government reached 1.38 billion levs (about 55.2 million pounds).

The main reason is that the newly-added territories have gradually restored their vitality and can provide tax revenue to the government. Especially in the Istanbul area, it alone contributed 1800 million levs in fiscal revenue!

There is also the result of the "Two Five-Year Plan", and now it has begun to supplement the finances!

This number has increased by a factor of 1.4 compared to 1898, and has also increased by 15.5% compared with the previous year. It has continued to maintain a rapid growth rate. Of course, in addition to rapid income growth, expenditures have also increased rapidly.

According to Ferdinand's plan, starting from 1904, the navy will also be included in the government's financial appropriation. It is estimated that the opponent is the Ottoman Empire.

Alas, this can only be considered a small expense. The key is that the bonds issued by the Bulgarian government, as well as some loans, have gradually expired. The government must leave enough funds to pay, which is the main reason for fiscal tension!

In fact, the Bulgarian government has repeatedly borrowed new debt to pay off old debt. Now Ferdinand finally understands the trouble of the Ministry of Finance and decides to reduce debt!

In 1900, the total debt of the Bulgarian government reached its peak, reaching 2.6 billion levs. In the following years, the government successively recovered several batches of bonds at a low price during the economic crisis and repaid several loans that had expired.

In the next three years, the Bulgarian government has repaid 183 million levs, and more than 87 million levs will be due this year. The government's debt pressure will be slightly reduced after repayment.

And in the days to come, if there is no accident, the Bulgarian government will reduce part of its debt each year and increase its income to achieve normalization of finances at an early date!

Alas, in fact, it is not enough to pay back, and no longer reduce the debt in hand, in the future international affairs, the Bulgarian government will be kidnapped by loans, difficult to extricate themselves!

Who told that the current creditors are all powers? Don't expect others to be so obedient and anxious to force you to repay the loan in advance. What can the Bulgarian government do?

国际 The international loan of this era was the King of Loans. According to the background of this era, as long as people give up the interest income, they can collect money in advance!

Of course, Ferdinand is anxious for someone to urge payment in advance, so that you can also save an interest.

The premise is only for small creditors, big creditors like France, let's forget it, the one-time repayment will make the Bulgarian finance bankrupt!

Compared with industry, the growth rate in agriculture is even more exaggerated. Compared with 1898, it has increased by 1.8 times directly.

Of course, this set of data Ferdinand is not attentive, the land has increased, and the grain has naturally increased. The role of the government in it is not great!

Now the food on the international market is worthless. Www.wuxiahere.com ~ In order to stabilize food prices, the Bulgarian government has to spend huge sums of money to buy a batch of grain from the market as reserve grain.

What Ferdinand is most satisfied with is Bulgaria's population growth rate, and it really is the Guotai Min'an population soaring. The birth rate of the population in 1903 reached an astonishing 5.01%, which was basically the same as that of a bear!

Of course, the mortality rate also rose to 2.03%. After all, after the population growth, medical conditions in Bulgaria have not kept up, mainly due to insufficient doctors!

Ferdinand can't do anything about this long training period of more than ten years. So far, in addition to the first one who has graduated from the professional training in Bulgaria, others are still internships!

After these hundreds of people were scattered throughout Bulgaria, even a bubble did not emerge!

According to UNHCR's estimates, the next three to five years will be the Bulgarian population explosion. Especially the immigrants who came from the Ottoman Empire. In the past few years, in order to move, they have reduced their fertility on their own. Now their lives have stabilized. They must work hard to make villains!

According to the latest demographics, the total population of Bulgaria has reached more than 14 million, and the population growth rate has reached 2.97%!

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