The Rise of Iceland

　　　　 stayed at the Hoskud’s house, and Olaf felt that there was nothing to do except tell the story and fool his two cousins.

　　 Hadar, Hoskurd and Kadir, apart from drinking and chatting every day, are fighting skills. Hadar is about the same size as Kadir, but he has more combat experience, so he can still stay on top of one-on-two.

　　 Heine was holding a thin booklet to study all day. Olaf glanced at it and found that the cover was printed in English, and the title of the book was "On the Monarchs".

　　 Olaf thought for a while and suddenly woke up. This book was a political academic book born during the Renaissance, and was later regarded as a guide book by many kings, great leaders and dictators.

In later generations, this book can be regarded as a political ban, because it advocates the separation of politics and morality, or even deviation. Propaganda and compliance will destroy it, and if it is vicious, it will stabilize the regime. It advocates that people are evil and cannot trust the people. Through compulsory means and vigilant psychological treatment of the subordinates and the people, and so on.

Olaf has not read it in his previous life, but only read some papers on "The Monarchy", but even so he has a familiar feeling. Through the criticism of "The Monarchy" in the article, Olaf feels that the author of this book Machiavelli's thinking is very similar to the legalist thinking of China more than two thousand years ago.

The theory of monarchy advocates that human nature is evil and interests are fundamental. If the monarch wants long-term peace and stability, he must grasp the fundamental interests of the people. It requires both the cruelty of the lion and the cunning and changeable fox, because "the unarmed prophet has failed, and armed Prophet to succeed".

The so-called weapons are guns, purses and brains. The bravery and cruelty of the lions is the barrels of guns. The cunning and changeable foxes are the benevolence of the brain. With the barrel of the gun and the benevolence of the brain, they can seize the purse. When the ministers subordinate the people, and at the same time bind themselves and the interests of the people, and brainwash them, the position of the monarch will not be stable.

　　 Legalist thinking is similar to that of "On the Monarch," and it is more comprehensive.

The Chinese monarchs captured the minds of the people through the Confucian ethics and the sense of nature and humanity. They used "the emperor and the scholar-officials to rule the world together" to delineate the division of interests and "the scholars, farmers, industry and commerce" to fix the status of vested interests. Up to the top, they maintained the rule of the feudal dynasty.

　　 So that in the end, no matter who the emperor changes, it will inevitably still maintain this kind of class rule.

　　 Inner Sage and Outer King is the ultimate realm pursued by the monarch or supreme ruler in the feudal era of China. This is slightly better than the theory of "Monarchy" that only emphasizes the dominance of the outer king and ignores the inner cultivation.

　　 However, in China's thousands of years of history, there are almost no people who can be a saint inside and a king outside.

　　The pioneers of the dynasties such as Emperor Qin, Hanwu, Tang Zong and Songzu were either inadequate in the business of kings and hegemons, or in lack of personal cultivation and moral standards, and in short, could not reach the perfect state pursued by Confucian culture.

　　 Olaf associates a lot of things with his cousin Heine's book. He suddenly became interested in Heine, so he tentatively asked what the books he was reading about.

　　 Perhaps it was Olaf's age and identity that made Heine extremely relaxed, so he closed the book and talked to Olaf with great interest.

After listening for a long time, Olaf had a deeper understanding of Heine, and through Heine’s narration, he guessed that he was a great noble of the Kingdom of Scotland. He might even have some relatives with the royal family. People fight for family property and fled to Iceland. They want to return to their homeland, avenge their hatred, and seize the property, so they read "On the Monarch", which promotes the dominance of the book.

Although Heine is a bit neurotic, and his views on the "Monarchy" are even more glaring, but Olaf has to admit that he is worthy of aristocratic background, has a profound cultural background, and has a very accurate understanding of the monarchy. If he has an opportunity to master power, he may also grow into an extraordinary character.

　　 Regardless of what he thought, Olaf had a good feeling for Heine, so he extended Heine's words and put forward some Han Fei's views, which made Heine pale and looked at Olaf in surprise.

　　 "Olav! How can you think of these thoughts when you are so young? Goodness! God!"

　　 Heine's face was pale, as if he had seen the devil, but he couldn't help but ponder Olaf's words over and over.

"In a troubled world with frequent wars, strict laws should be used to restrain the people and let them develop planting and launch wars in accordance with the requirements of the monarch... The people who want to get rich can only be prosperous through farming and through the country's unified departments for trade, and the monarch's money will be There is no end to spending... the improvement of status can only rely on the establishment of military merits, and cannot rely on the shadow of the ancestors. There is nothing that the monarch cannot win in wars..."

Heine recalled that the great kings in European history were established through great wars and harsh methods. He admired Oliver's words extremely. He felt that Olaf was like a sage, but he was so young, which made his heart A feeling of unreality was created.

Olaf smiled and explained: "I have heard some stories about the Daming Kingdom in the Far East. That country was a warring state two thousand years ago, and it is the same as in Europe now. At that time, thinkers in China wrote books for their own political opinions. Say, to persuade the monarchs of various countries to use their own ideas, one of them is called'Fajia', and what I just said is their point of view..."

"Oh!" Heine came back to his senses, his uneasy feeling dissipated, but he looked at Olaf affectionately and smiled, "Unexpectedly, Mingguo appeared like Machiavelli two thousand years ago. The great thinker is indeed the richest and most powerful country in the world!"

Because Olaf put forward some opinions that Heine liked and admired, UU read www.uukanshu.com so he liked Olaf increased, and he also attached importance to this cousin, thinking that he is very mature, when talking to Olaf’s cousin It's like communicating with an adult, which makes Heine feel a sense of comfort that he has been missing for a long time, just like returning to his hometown in Scotland and becoming a lord again.

　　 Three days passed in a flash, and the time soon came to August 10th.

　　 This is a Tuesday, which is the day when Iceland's annual court meeting is held.

Iceland began to be a place for Vikings (Germans) in Scandinavia to escape political oppression in the 8th and 9th centuries, and then became a highly autonomous region around the 10th century, which later became equivalent to a country, from the territory of Iceland All Godi (chiefs) form a court to communicate with outside countries.

However, since Iceland was self-governing by each Godi in the early days, the court only exercised its power when it was held every year, mainly to regulate and punish the conflicts between the leaders and the freedmen. The most serious penalty was exile, and the lighter exiled to the deserted Iceland. The island, the heavy ones were exiled to Greenland.

　　 Since the tenth century, the hottest season of the year has been when the Icelandic Chamber was held. Under normal circumstances, the Altin Chamber lasted ten days. Later, after converting to Catholicism, it was changed to one week.

　　Even though it became the land of the kingdoms of Norway and Denmark after the eleventh century, Iceland was managed by the governor sent by the kingdom, but the annual court meeting still remained.

　　 is nothing more than the general management of the governor, dealing with matters such as commerce, taxation, penalties, etc. When the court meeting is held, the governor convenes Icelandic chiefs and leaders to discuss taxation and handle cases.

　　 And slowly, the period of Alting's holding was that the leaders bartered privately, and the time period for trading with or without, was equal to the same time as a festival singing and acting in the rural villages of the Ming Dynasty.