Three Kingdoms

  Chapter 2664 The foundation of loyalty and filial piety

  As the news of Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui's debate in the manor spread, more and more people began to gather at Qinglong Temple.

   Some even rushed to Sima Manor, but were stopped by soldiers who had been prepared for a long time.

   After all, the debate between the two bigwigs does not require too many audiences.

  That's right, there are some things that are right or wrong that don't need the so-called "public opinion" certification. Sometimes "public opinion" may not be correct, just like many guys who promote so-called "public opinion" on the Internet in later generations. These people use false fabrications and intercepted clips to deceive the public and stir up disputes, and then these behind-the-scenes people are at large.

   Whether the theories of Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui are correct or not does not require any other people to verify them.

The speed of the two people's argument has gradually slowed down from the fierce confrontation at the beginning. It seems that it is because of fatigue, or because they need to search for something deeper, so they sometimes fall into silence, and then after a while Only one person said something, and then the other one would not answer right away, but was silent for a while, and then said something...

  The sun gradually began to slant to the west, and the clouds did not know when they increased.

  Guoyuan recorded in the hall has become a little numb.

   On the one hand, it is surprise, and on the other hand, it is also fear.

It's very simple. At the later stage of the debate between Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui, some of the remarks that were said, if spread, many of them belonged to "rebellion and injustice". There is a risk of the water meter being checked.

   Gods.

   Son of Heaven.

   Sheji.

   Family.

  No matter which topic it is, it is a heavy bomb that can blow people around to pieces.

As far as the text itself is concerned, it is actually just a few strokes, horizontal and vertical dots, but the text composed of such symbols contains too many things behind it, or expressive, or lyrical, or slander, or praise, Whether the needle is hidden in the cotton, or the yang is obedient and the yin is violated, each of them may offend the Ni Lin of those in power, and lead to a fatal disaster. In fact, if we use a more modern term, literary inquisition is actually "ideological struggle."

  In future generations, a multimedia should be added.

  The mouthpiece will always belong to the ruling class.

   Literary inquisition has existed in all dynasties.

  In fact, many literary prisons are struggles.

When Su Dongpo was the prefect of Huzhou, because of an insignificant "Huzhou Thank you for the table", it was nothing more than asking the emperor to say what he had done as the prefect, but was caught by his political opponents. Make great use of it, almost killing people in prison. Of course, the most regrettable thing is that Mrs. Su Shi burned a lot of Mr. Dongpo's manuscripts in a panic because the case was based on words. This is really a pity.

   Therefore, Fei Qian had to check on the sidelines and hide part of the content.

   This will make people somewhat helpless, but it is really not suitable to throw out all these contents at the moment.

   In other words, it is not suitable for the time being.

Guoyuan can be regarded as a well-read book. Naturally, he can't talk about the allusions spoken by Zheng Xuan, Sima Hui, and he doesn't know what to say. I also described the demeanor of the two, and wrote it down...

  The dark clouds in the sky gathered quickly, and it seemed that it would rain soon.

  Hua Tuo arrived and saluted Fei Qian in the corridor.

  Hua Tuo originally wanted to go to the countryside to see a doctor, but he was caught up not far from Chang'an Baiyi Clinic, and then came back again.

  『Have you brought all the medicines you need? If it is not all in order, please send someone to get it from Baiyi Museum as soon as possible. Fei Qian stood outside the hall, looking at the two old people inside, and said to Hua Tuo.

   Fei Qian was indeed a little worried.

  『I brought them all. ’Hua Tuo gestured to the medicine box behind him, then stood beside Fei Qian, looking at the two people in the hall with his head stretched out, and frowned after a while, ‘How long have they been arguing? 』

  『It started yesterday. ’ Fei Qian said.

"yesterday? ! ’Hua Tuo’s eyes widened, and his expression became a little nervous, ‘That’s troublesome…’

  Hua Tuo thought that the two had been arguing for two days and one night, and that would be in great danger.

  Staying up late is actually very harmful to human beings.

  Humans have not had the function of preparing to stay up late since ancient times.

   On the contrary, human beings need sufficient sleep in terms of physical functions to restore energy or repair damage caused by certain day-to-day operations.

  Young people cannot often stay up late, and the elderly are even less suitable for staying up late. Therefore, those who frequently talk about blessings and only require employees to stay up late to work but keep silent about various subsidies and overtime pay are almost equivalent to chronic poisoning and murder.

   Fei Qian added: "The two had a rest last night. 』

  Hua Tuo was obviously relieved when he heard that, "It's okay, it's okay..."

  But Hua Tuo's expression did not completely relax because of this, he was still nervously patrolling the faces of Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui.

  『Can you give them a break? ’Hua Tuo said, ‘They are very tired now, I’m worried...it’s good to send some water in...’

  『Sent it away...』 Fei Qian pointed to the overturned food and drinking water in the hall.

   There is a word called sleepless nights.

  This is the state of Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui now.

  They have forgotten everything around them, even if there is food and water placed in front of them, they will be considered as interference, and then subconsciously sweep it away.

  Hua Tuo frowned, "Can't you stop? If it is interrupted now, there shouldn't be any great danger...』

  Fei Qian was silent for a while, and then said: "Although there are some differences in civil and military, it can be said that this...is the battlefield for the two of them...the two of them are warriors fighting **** the battlefield, understand?" At this time, it has entered the final stage. If I add it in, or someone interrupts them, then it is equivalent to their previous efforts being in vain... Moreover, at this age, do you think they still have energy, or they still have energy? Time to play next time? 』

  Hua Tuo also fell silent, and then sighed.

   Fei Qian and Hua Tuo stood under the hall, watching silently.

   Around the hall, soldiers and guards also stood silently.

  In the manor and further afield, everyone tried their best to keep quiet.

  Only two hoarse voices sounded from time to time in the hall...

  『Maybe it’s a bit troublesome…』Hua Tuo said suddenly, 「I need someone to decoct the medicine quickly…」

   Fei Qian was taken aback for a moment, and immediately beckoned.

   Xu Chu stepped forward to listen to the order.

  『Get someone to bring the stove and decoct the medicine here. ’ Fei Qian said.

  Xu Chu cupped his hands, and then quickly began to ask people to prepare.

Fei Qian didn't want to see some low-level situations such as decocting half-decocted medicine, accidentally slipping his hands, bumping into and overturning when going out, etc., just decocting medicine under the nose of the hall, although it may cause damage to the wooden board. Or the railings leave traces of charcoal fire, but compared with the safety of medicine, they are trivial matters.

  Hua Tuo's face became a little tense, "General, please send someone to come to Taicang... I'm afraid I can't do it alone... Physician Taicang is not only good at women and children, but also has first-aid acupuncture and moxibustion, which is comparable to me..."

If something really happened, of course we would race against time. If both of them were in danger, Hua Tuo would naturally be at his wits' end. As a person from the Taicang lineage who is good at delivering mothers and children, he would naturally use acupuncture to stimulate the body's functions and stimulate potential. He also has extensive experience in emergency rescue.

   Fei Qian immediately signaled, and immediately there were guards leading the order to rush away.

Maybe it was because of nervousness, maybe it was to clear up the mind, or maybe it was because he wanted to explain to Fei Qian. While grabbing the medicinal materials from the big medicine box, Hua Tuo said, "I should have thought of it earlier... I am overworked, emotionally exhausted. Excitement... Trouble... the terminal disease of wind sex, the abdominal disease of rain sex, the disease of dark **** and confusion, the heart disease of bright sex...』

   Wind and rain?

   Fei Qian looked up at the sky.

  Clouds accumulate and the sky is dark.

  It seems that there are some faint sounds of wind and thunder attacking, blowing over the treetops and roofs in quick and slow waves.

  For Fei Qian, this is nothing more than a thunderstorm in a summer afternoon.

  But for the elderly, every rapid solar term change, temperature rise and fall is a potential invisible threat.

  Doctor Taicang also came in a hurry and stood beside Hua Tuo with a dignified expression.

  In the hall, it seemed that the debate had also come to an end.

  『...The body is hair and skin, and the parents dare not damage it. This is the beginning of filial piety. Stand up and practice the Way, make your name known to future generations, and honor your parents. This is the end of filial piety. Husband's filial piety begins with serving relatives, middles with serving the emperor, and finally establishes oneself. "Daya" says: "I have no thoughts about my ancestors, and I have cultivated Juede." This is filial piety...』

"However, don't be foolish and filial. As the saying goes, in a country of ten thousand chariots, if there are four contending ministers, the borders will not be cut; , the ancestral temple will not be destroyed. If a father contends for his son, he must not be rude; if a scholar contends for his friends, it is not unrighteous. Old son obeys father, Xi Zi is filial? Chen Congjun, Xi Chenzhen? Judging why he follows it is called filial piety, and it is called chastity..."

  『What is loyalty now? 』

  『What is filial piety? 』

  The two debated for a while, and finally returned to the word "loyalty and filial piety".

  Because these two characters are actually the root of a great man.

   is also the point of many disagreements.

   At the same time, it is also the foundation of Chinese morality and political philosophy.

   is the basis of all customs, all beliefs, and all morals.

The society from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period was a society that was broken and then rebuilt. On the one hand, because the original political authority gradually lost its status, the original social structure was gradually disintegrated. On the other hand, it was a large-scale merger war. The power system and social structure seek transformation, and new political ideas begin to emerge.

   Only the hundred schools of thought have the soil for their birth.

   Among the schools of thought, there are corresponding explanations for the concept of loyalty and filial piety. With the changes in the social conditions in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States, the views of loyalty and filial piety of the philosophers also changed.

Filial piety may be relatively earlier. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the word loyalty began to appear. Among the two major schools of Confucius and Mohism, whether it was Confucius who proposed loyalty as loyalty and filial piety as filial piety, or Mozi who blurred the distinction between the two with universal love, It can be clearly seen that people attach importance to these two words, as well as the elaboration of this theory.

  Many current thinkers of the Han Dynasty, including Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui, more or less compare the Han Dynasty with the Zhou Dynasty, and then try to find some lessons that can be used for reference during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

  After entering the Spring and Autumn Period, the authority of the Zhou royal family continued to decline. Similarly, after the Second Emperor Huanling, the authority of the Han Dynasty also continued to decline.

The rise of various warring states at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. Although the states still recognized the suzerain status of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in the early days, powerful powers such as Qi, Chu, and Jin gradually rose up. Yes, the current powerful separatist regime in the Han area also shows that the rule of the Han emperor is crumbling.

  This major social change directly affects culture.

  New and ancient Chinese, Shandong and Shanxi

   are important nodes of cultural conflict.

  The ruling model of the emperor’s central counties and counties originally adopted by the Han Dynasty began to collapse, and the definition of the word "loyalty and filial piety" also began to deviate. What is loyalty? What is filial piety? Can the loyalty and filial piety of the original big man still be used today? If it cannot be used, how should this loyalty and filial piety be defined?

  The original political relationship began to collapse, the brilliance of the statues of the Great Han disappeared, and the local tycoons began to dominate the localities. The word "loyalty" seemed to be blurred, but the word "filial piety" was emphasized more and more.

  “Loyalty” and “filial piety” have been divided into independent concepts from the vague concept of political unity in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.

  Praise filial piety, why not praise loyalty and filial piety?

  Can honesty replace loyalty? Or is filial piety ahead of loyalty?

  If you explore the root of "loyalty and filial piety", many people will mention Confucius. Although Confucius mentioned "loyalty" as many as 18 times in "The Analects of Confucius", none of them gave an accurate definition of "loyalty". The concept of "loyalty" is actually not fully thought out.

  As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, Mohism, which competed with Confucianism, was not complete in the concept of loyalty and filial piety. The word "loyalty" appeared many times in "Mozi", and its connotations were not the same. Although it is said that Mozi's faction finally showed their loyal and fierce side, and eliminated the uneasiness in the king's heart by committing suicide or being killed, it also shows that the "loyalty and filial piety" of the Mohist school has nothing to do with the "loyalty and filial piety" that the king wants. , even quite different.

  After that, Mencius and Xunzi also began to split, not only in terms of good nature and evil nature, but also in terms of "loyalty and filial piety", Mencius and Xunzi also moved towards opposition. To put it simply, Mencius focused on filial piety and believed that filial piety was more important than loyalty, while Xunzi focused on loyalty and believed that loyalty came first.

  Most of the concepts of "loyalty and filial piety" after that were derived from the concept of these four people. For example, Han Feizi combined loyalty and filial piety into one, which is actually a change.

In order to provide a better political foundation, these Chinese scholars have derived different political logics around the two concepts of loyalty and filial piety. Therefore, it can be said that the concept of loyalty and filial piety has had a great impact on the social development of the entire Chinese feudal dynasty. important impetus.

"Loyalty" and "filial piety" are two basic moral items. During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, social morality gradually emerged from scratch, and then after a series of developments, as generations of scholars continued to study and deepen, they explained the relationship between loyalty and filial piety. Conflicting with each other and being tolerant of each other has resulted in a unique cultural framework of China that is completely different from other civilizations.

  『Serious and correct solution! ’Sima Hui shouted in a hoarse voice, ‘Serious and correct! Seek its origin! Abandon all complicated decorations and go straight to the root! Dare to ask how Zhongxiao is? 』

"The foundation of loyalty and filial piety... Get rid of the chaos, get straight to the root..." Zheng Xuan's face showed some abnormal red light, and his emotional agitation made him seem to feel that the world was spinning and twisting, but he still said the most The core two sentences -

  『Do your best to be loyal! 』

  『Fulfilling responsibility is called filial piety! 』

  Sima Hui clapped his hands, "Good! it is good! It can be described as loyalty and filial piety! 』

   The two looked at each other and laughed.

  The two finally reached a consensus...

   There is no sacralization, no enlargement, no extremeization, and no blurring. It is a very simple concept, very straightforward explanation, and the definition of "loyalty and filial piety" is finally determined.

  "Loyalty and filial piety" is two-way, it is a relatively fair concept, it is a moral standard, and it should not be an absolute definition without preconditions.

   When everything attached to it is completely removed, what remains is its essential meaning.

  When something is in front of you, try your best to do it well, which is "loyalty" to this matter.

  This matter may be something that the king confessed, or it may be something that the people need.

  『Filial piety』is a person’s responsibility in the family.

   Regardless of gender, there is no need to be old or young, but anyone who is a member of the family must naturally fulfill his responsibilities for the entire family, to his parents, and to the family.

  “Loyalty” focuses on the outside, and “filial piety” focuses on the inside, and “faith” and “righteousness” can be derived from “loyalty” and “filial piety”…

  The two old men laughed, clapped their hands, and fell backwards at the same time.

  Fortunately, both of them were sitting on mats, and the ground was made of wood, so there would not be much direct external damage when two people fell down. The focus was on the internal wear and tear of the body.

"quick! ’Hua Tuo hurried in, and immediately began to diagnose Zheng Xuan, ‘Qi and blood deficiency, lack of soil and water! Phlegm and blood stasis block the collaterals, wind evil enters the brain! There is still a vein of Guyang... Urgently use Du'e soup! 』

  On the other side, Taicang Chunyu also gave Sima Hui a diagnosis, "Mr. Shui Jing is just a little hard work, and there should be no serious problems." 』

  Sima Hui is younger, so Zheng Xuan's situation is more serious now.

  Someone rushed to bring the boiled soup, but Zheng Xuan's teeth were clenched, his face was blue, and he couldn't feed it.

  The decoction flows out along the corner of the mouth...

  『Introduce it with pipes! 』Hua Tuo took the small bamboo tube, then opened Zheng Xuan's mouth, and introduced the medicine into it.

  Zheng Xuan still had the instinct to swallow, and the soup slowly entered.

   Both Hua Tuo and Taicang Chunyu breathed a sigh of relief.

  If you can drink soup and medicine, you will still be saved.

"I'll do it first," Taicang Chunyu pressed Zheng Xuan's wrist with one hand, took out the silver needle with the other, and said, "I'll use the needle to stimulate... take Yunmen, Taiyuan, Neiguan... to expel wind and phlegm, and vibrate it vitality…"

  Hua Tuo thought for a while, "Yes! 』

  Why Taicang Chunyu came first? It’s not that Hua Tuo’s acupuncture is bad, but that Zheng Xuan is old, and like women in childbirth, they are in a state of both Qi and blood deficiency, so it is more suitable for Taicang to use acupuncture. And when Hua Tuo went up, it was really a rescue. He made a big cut, under the golden stone, even if he snatched it, it would hurt his vitality, and it would be very detrimental to Zheng Xuan's body.

   Therefore, if Taicang can be rescued after the acupuncture, it is naturally the best. If not, it is Hua Tuo who takes action.

   Feiqian stood in the hall. He didn't know medical skills, so he couldn't help him. He could only watch Taicang Chunyu take out the silver needle, then stick it on Zheng Xuan's body, and then used the needle to get air...

  On the other side, Sima Hui was half supported and drinking medicinal soup.

  Suddenly, in the sky, thunder and lightning flashed, and heavy rain poured down.

  Fei Qian looked up at the sky, and said involuntarily, "In the past, when Cangjie created characters, it rained millet in the sky, and ghosts cried at night... Now when the two people's theory is completed, the wind and thunder drum, and the sky and the earth are shocked... What you say today may be passed down to the world..."

  (end of this chapter)